Artificial tooth.



L. E. EVSLIN.

ARTIFICIAL TOOTH.

APPLICATION rum) APR. as, 19011.

Patented D60. 22, 1908.

2 snzn'rvsnsm 1.

L. E. EVSLIN.

ARTIFICIAL TOOTH.

nrmounon FILED APR. 23, mos.

907,326. Patented Dec. 22, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHBET 2.

ARTIFICIAL TOOTH.

Spooification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 22, 1908.

Application Med April 23. 1908. Serial No. 428,814.

To fl whom it may rrrnwrrlr.

Be it known that l, Lno E. lilvoun, u oohjm't ol the lhnpomr ol liusoio, rosiding in the. llnitcd St-uloss, at lcorio, in the county of loorin and Stair: oi Illinois, lmvo invcntd nhlrr others skilled in the art to which it appvrtnins lo mnkrand uso the same.-

This invont-ion has re'lcren cc to certain new and usriul improvements in the construction of nr'lilirinl tooth, and to a now and improved hocking i'ur such teeth and the mode of seruling the some to the tooth.

Um of the objects of the resent invention is the producing of artificial. teeth which are of more or loss universal a pliant-ion. This i.-=. obtained by making the hook partof each tooth, which is that part having the lingual ul posii'rlor tone, according to-oe-rtain predotorinimd monsurelnents, taken from the lrihiul lino, or that line which .oe' crates the luhiul-luco of the tooth in the m (1 from the hook or posterior far-e.

A furthvr object of tho inyention is a 1110- tollir-box for czrch'tooth forming a seat for a motnllio ton adapted to be inserted in I said tooth, w icreby t 10 teeth may be secured to the hacking. Said inctallic boxis prefer uhly open at both ends and has inwardly s1 opin g side walls formin a dovedlail groove or soot. for the tongue aomsaid; the end of tho hox intended to be at the mastioating'.

odgrof tho tootlrhavipg its side walls exten- #:ivvly bovolod so that a. (loop re'oess'may he formed undo:- the bite of the teeth while the sido walls of the op osite 0nd of the box are howled to a somcw mt lesser degree than at the opposite and, which is for the pn ose of allowing the Jorcoluin at the cervical order,

to sharioitscf regularly: at the entrance of the box or roovc contanung the same, and

not permit t a metallic edges of the box to be ex need.

n the accompanying drawings, I have illustratozl the proforrcd manner of curr ing 'lhcrein the several v rows are as followst--Flgure 1 is an enlarged vertical sectional virw of a molar showing the love thcloin andmctullic-box molded in t \a gr ve; Fig. 2 is :1. view to Fig 1, with the addition ofthe n'ietallio ton u'ein the box, the backing f or the tooth; the wking and tongue. shown soldorod together; Fig 3 is u (1rr)sS-SL'(!tiul1 of tho tooth soon in Fig, 1, and [LS tho sumo would MJPQM if takon on the line X--X of sold figure; Fig. 4is o crow-suction of tho tooth soon in Fig. 2 and as thosmno would appear if taken onthe line Y-Y of said ii um; Fl 5 is, an enlargd fierspootive of tie meta lie-tongue seen in "lg. 2; Fig. 6 is an enlarged perspeotiveof the metallic-box seen in Figs. 1, 2,3 and 4; Fig. 7 is an enlarged side elevation show'in a. hicuspid and in diagrommatioal outline he mode. of uniformly constructin r the back part of a. tooth, so that it is oapnh o of uni vcrsul application; Fig. 8 is a rear elevation of Fig.

said tooth; Fig. 9 is a. view similar to Fi 7 except that the tooth shown is a. cuspid i ig. 10 is a view of Fig. 9, similar to Fig. 8; Fig. 11 is a; vertical sectional view of Fig. 9; Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fi 7 except that the tooth shown is p. molar; i i

tire View looking at the rear face of tho molar Seenin Fig. 12 and with the backing therefor in lace on' said tooth; F i 15 shows a modifio construction-of metal c hox; Fi n16 is a view similar to Fi [7 except that to tooth shown is one of t 16- teeth called fncings. Fig. 17 is a View of Fig. 18' similar to Fig. 8; Fig. 18 is a. vertical cross-section of a. tooth such as is shown in Fig. 18, with the inctalliotongue {ind backing attached thereto, and Fig. ll) 18,1111 enlarged pets motive view of a metal ton us such as woulr he used in com neotion Wl h the toot-lrohown in Fig. 12. I am aware that attcmpts lmvo boon made to produce an interchangeable tooth, that is, a. tooth'where the backing was not only capabio of fittin the groove 01 a hole in the lnirt of said tooth. This was y obtained by grinding the carved plaster models of the teeth, ropro- 7, showing the lingual or posterior time or g. 13 is a. view of. Fig. 12 similar to Fig. 8; Fig. 14 is a perspcm tooth, but trot said hocking would also fit agall t e posterior sul'fucesof tho tooth to a. t

duced in the molds in which the porcelain teeth are lorn'ied. In other words, for each tooth a mold must contain two sections, one for the labial portion of the tooth and the other for the lingual portion of the tooth; the line where the two sections unite being referred to as the labial-line". In Fig. 7, the labial portion of the tooth indicated as 19 while the lingual ortion of the tooth is indicated as 20 and t 1e labial-line, which is indicated b dotted lines, as 21.

To obtain an accurate outline of the lingual or posterior face, measuremcnt is taken from the rubber line, indicated as 22, being a shoulder, to the center of the shoulder 23, which will be known as the cervical shoulder, the lines by which such measuremcnt is made being indicated as 24 and 25. The slope 29 for the iosterior face of the tooth between the rub or line and the cervical shoulder is produced by a prcdctermined measurement from the labial line to the rubber line, indicated by the dotted line 26, and by a predetermined measurement between the labial line, at the cervical shoulder, indicated by the dotted line 27; also by a third measurement preferably taken-n'iidway between the rubber line and the cervical shoulder, being that point indicated by the dottedline 28. In this way, the back part of all the teeth are produced by exact measurements, which not only gives the necessary slo e and space for the subsequent soldering o the back part of a tooth, but also, that a backing roduccd on a molar tooth, will fit on all t e molar teeth. This also applies to the'bicuspids. In the anterior teeth, a backing produced on a cuspid tooth, will fit all the cuspid teeth; the backing produced on a lateral incisor, will serve as a backing for all the lateral incisors, and a backingprodueed on a central incisor, will fit all the central incisors, notwithstanding the dill'erencc of length or width of the different teeth. Thus it will be seen that the backs of all the teethof a kind are in all respects similar so.

far as the shapes of their ostcrior faces are concerned, between the ru iber line and cervical shoulder, and without the necessity of grindin to obtain similar outlines. inclinmg or s oping the back wall of th tooth as at 29 from the rubber line to the cervical border and terminating short of the cervical border in the shoulder 23, allows for the cxtra thicluiess of the tooth produced by the solder on the back part of the tooth in connection with crown or bllll 0 work, without producin the unnecessary .mlkiness of the tcctlror o' the finished bridge on the lingual surfaces next 'to tho ton us.

The nletallie-lmx, to which recrenco has been made is shown molded in several of the dill'erent kinds of teeth, although it is best seen in Figs. l to 4, and also in perspectivc in Fig. 6. l t consists, preferabl ol' the hacking 30 of suitable len th and widthaving the inclined side walls 1 which converge towi'trds cnrh other so as to form a dove-tail groove in said box. These boxes may be supported in any suitable manner when molded into the teeth, it bein preferable to mold or bake the same in t e teeth at the time of moldin 'Ihcse boxes are made prel'eral'ily of meta ,varvin from five to ten one thousands of an inch in thickness and are shown open from end to end. The end oi the box that is intended to be at the cutting or nnisticnting cd e ol' the tooth, has its sides 3]. extensively beveled, as at 32, see

Figs. 1 and 6; this is intended for the convenient lmlgmcnt of said box under the bite of the tooth, as seen in Fig. l to form the deep recess 33 at the inner or terminal end ol. the groove 3 1 forn'ied in the teeth, also see Fig. l. The side walls 31 at the oppo site end of the boxing are also beveled as at 35, see Figs. 1 and 6 but to a much lesser degree than at 32, for the purpose of allowing the porcelain at the cervical border to shape itself regularly at the entrance of the box or groove in which the same is seated, as porcelain will shape itself more regularlv around a rounded off )ortiun than it will around sharp edges T is arrangement of a box, as described, produces a strong tooth, as there are no overhanging edges of poreclain and therefore no checking of the teeth when the metal tongue, to be described, is inserted into theboxingof the tooth.

In Fi 15, the inner ends of the side walls 31 are l art-d outwardly as at 36 in addition to beveling the same as previously described and the backing 30 of said box conforms to this modified construction. By forming the box in this manner, more cement substance will be lodged at the order ed terminal end of the box and consequentfy in the teeth at their masticating surfaces, and the holding of the metal tongues that enter the grooves 34 are rendered more secure.

One reason which may be advanced for the metallic-box strengthening the tooth is, that the tongue which is of metal, if slid directly into a porcelain groove m' ht act as a wedge and break the porcelain, w iereas with a metallic-box to receive the same, it is the sliding of metal upon metal.

The metallic tongue, of which reference has been made is indicated as 37 and best seen in Fig. 5. its outline may differ slightly, governed of course, by the shape of the tooth and groove therein it is intended to fit. It has, preferably beveled or tapered side walls 38 to adapt it to fit and have a sliding relation with the dove-tail oove in the me talliebox heretofore refsrre to and with a flat rear wall 39 and sloping top wall 40 ,"the former to have a sliding relation with and to rest against the backing 30 of the metallichox, while the sloping upper wail 40 com forms to and abuts with correspi-mdiiv wall of the groove 34 in the tooth, relerro to an fo rmingthe deep recess 33. Proj-ootiug out- Wardly from the front wall'ti, of this tongue, which'said wuli conforms to m d follows the ('mtlineoi tho lingual or posterior tot-r of the tooth, is a tug or extension 42, which is int-endod to pass throu h an opening in a book- 19 mg plate 43, seq ig. Z and .mjgoldered tho-rotor by the solder 44 as shoii u'in' said Fig 2, so that ii the hitching 43 is removed from the. tooth theJ'l'ltitttliiC-i-Ollflllfl will he thereby also disconnootcd or-dotochi-d from smid. tooth. Thehocking plate 4.3, aftor tho tongue'iil has been placed in the; tooth, is shit ed or made to conform to the posterior in ace of said tooth, so that with a'tootlr 1 I constructed in qccordouoe with tho phm ou tg lined in Fig. 7 should it he desirnhie to roplitce said tooth with another of its kind, tho tooth may he removed and another substitut d; the plan of the colmtruction of the tooth insuring that the substitute tooth may he easily, quickly and convoniontly sot-mod.

m iaoe. Fig, 14, the hacking plate 43 which is- ,thorc shown to conform to the posterior surfoot of tho tooth conforms to and lies against- 3 uiflat burfacgi, hotworn tho lateral Sllifttt'tfi of the. tooth, xcep't where the lmcking' )loto conforms to the' cervical shoulder, wh e in Figs. 2 and B'the lm'ckiug plate 43 is shown to conform to the posterior suri'utoof a tooth as: who. i$ i01.i'iidcd orovol shopr-d, as at iritititiitfl mtn the littoral swim-cs hy irregular l nes, so as to partially overla or extend onto the lateral auriacosoi the tooth pjoatoriol' surface of thin tooth between the "40 rubber line and cervical shoulder is spherial like iii-5i! e, having its highest oint at tho dentist of to! back part of the tooth. their the metal. booking or booking plate 43 ii! i i 9 9436 and attached to. the metal tongue, HA5 4 pamiuli'igs. 2 and 4, and bornmhedhto the v posterior aurtaco', 'wiii reoemhlo -u half shtdl, emhrm-mg i-ho tigo'th' on, the posterior unilateral surfac s. his irrmngemont iii very odivontn goous in 8Q certain forms or teeth and the adoption of'tho toriorupooi e tooth and opening out. of which n the grime 34. The shoulder 23 in o pi'onounogd' nhoulder extending op rm imat-tel utrip ht an ion tromtiie cerirwa htm'w. dor forming not or the tooth on-tho booty ting iota which iootado' to conform to omd u 'aium (to.

Tho ml irc' thoiuisido of tho-hocking 1t16inlihi hacking-0r hacking pia-to 43, is iuoro i i i i I i i i The cervical slmuider '13. further serves ,us a I'tPBlStlTlfl' point at the verviooi and of that-00th. The posterior cervical end oi a tooth, on gourmily produced in artificial tooth, dooa not hid}: iiit ouppi-u't of the tooth, and tho tooth hotiwr it is a pin tooth or whrthrr it is on i1itorrlumgonhivtooth, hanging upon its imr-kii'ig, mul [woos-um produt-ed on the rtittiog edge-o of tho ou torior tooth, or

on tho mostwatiog aurhu-v'o of the posterior tooth. itiitifi to produro u lvvvrngr ottho cur viral and oi thitooth and hroz'ik it. while with my tflmstruotiouv this ohouldvr :23 is u. resisting point. and tho llttttlbttll'l prmlurod on the muatwoting or hiting ourfor'vs of tho teeth.

tends to hr supported. as ix wry oionrii' seen.

at tiw'vorvivnl shoulder.

tooth with o inn-king pinto, throiigh a metal ton "titifllttlllhlv ronuoctod with gt nvtnJIm-lm'x in tin tvoliha though plainly 501'" and itnderstood in comm-thin with-tho tenth provioi'i'oly described. may he iu-ttor uodorstood in coninortion with o hiring"tooth, which is host soon in Fi m. to, i7 and 1H mid dosignated as 46. A ocing" tooth is rlmracterimd hv the fact that ill the posterior part. of the tooth romuwm-iug at thott'lvit'tti shoulder 23;. tho tooth is quite thit-k. from which part, the iostv-rior xurioro ittkl'S an oblique oio'pe, endlli'f at tl'v rutt ing odgoof tho toot h in almost. a nifo m-igo. or, In other words, commonciniz at tho vuttiug edge oft-ho tooth and gm! uallv itititt'lfiillg iu thicknvos in the posterior our on of the tooth until tho nmximum thigiiot'ssi is matched illfll cervicalohotlldori 'lho groovv 3-1 in the tooth vommrncs at the rori'lt-nl shoulder and llotoniy does it opml ut of din tooth through the poutmior ourii'iwo tin-root", but its rear o'r iimr w ll is pairallcl with and in' the some IlII-IIQ with tho pro.-

tiw n iddio oi the tooth in n mo'ewias M 33} similar to limt ohown-iii-Fi 1.. nought-s on oh'lique course'- it the toot 1, like.- visa tho uetal"t'ongugiifl'"mid" he hooking ihite 43 \Vilit'h is iidb; itod to t m posterior surface of the tooth, or' tho' pii'rpo -io of ot-j osmium tho s mno [alone as tho iostorioriiur' firms of; the toothn'nd. iar'ollol with'tho rear wall or hu -king 30' of t boxing, in which in aoatod tho hmt-itllio. toomomrm'd to tho hot-king plllitta lhqhocliiur cuttiltg 'odgo of tho tootlra odgo of tho tooth, mid to 'ho lookod on thotootl1, 't-i1c hooking pinto munt ho iii'ciinod aimiim'iy io-tbrm'fttug of thiiii-roof tho tooth M woilos th'v inrtoiiicthox tlmrein, jorc-asiou ,moy: t'eqtiit'o; "amid tooth 1mm" ho :islippd into position on the imoluu zrlnto,

the mqtai'tougue of width ivil! suog tat-hing tho samo to 'lmitulomiorotoora, \yill 115 pinto 43 ot tho hoot ovo tho some as at 47 to protucti-imodgmlierooi.my h f for the purinisr of oroporh' prom-ting this MY iiuprovmuonts iu the onueutiou oi it torior suri'mec 'oi" the toot; t ending pi; about Fl-re room- I o the tooth leading from the cervical shoulder metallic boxing and the plate lie in juxtaposition to the posterior surface of the tooth with the portion 47 protecting the tip of the tooth, as seen in Fig. 18.

In constructing interchangeable artificial teeth, particularly anterior teeth, the tooth commencing fromits middle part at the posterior surface and ending at the cutting edge, must be prmluccd as thin as the labial surface of the tooth will permit. Producing a tooth in accordance with the improvements herein outlined, l overcome and obviate the extra thickness so common both in anterior and short teeth, which renders a tooth practically useless, for the reason that in a great many cases, the superior anterior teeth are found to overlap those of the inferior ante rior teeth. in such cases, the bite is very close and the inferior anterior teeth strike about the middle part of the superior anterior teeth therefore the necessary spare must be provided.

Havin thus full described my invention, what I c aim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is:

1. 'In combination, a tooth having a shoal-- der'at its rubber line, a shoulder at the ccrvi cal border and having its osterior face between the two shoulders inc incd towards the cervical shoulder, and a metallic-box within.

towards the masticating surfaces, said box having its side walls inclined to form a dovetail groove therein.

2. In combination, a tooth having a shoulder at its rubber line, a shoulder at the cervical border and having its posterior faces betwecn the two shoulders inclined towards the .cervical shoulder, and a metallic-lmx within the tooth leading from the cervical shoulder to a oint a short distance beneath the masticatlng' surface tlivrcof, said box open at both ends, and having its side walls inclined towards each other" and beveled.

3; [In combination, a tooth having-a shoulder at its'rubbcr line, a shoulder at the cervical liorder and having ltsposterior face bctwccnthe two shoulders inclined towards the cervical shoulder, and, a ntctalhc box w thin. thctooth leadmgfroni the cervical shoulder to a point removed a sl'iort'distancc f rum and below the masticating surface thereof, said box having inwardly eonvorglng walls, and open at both ends, the open cud of tho box at.

the cervical shoulder comnmnirating with an opening in the tootlr which extends longitudinallX of the posterlor face of said tooth, 4. metallic-box for a tooth, consisting of a backingaml twoside walls, thosido walls conversing towards-each otl|vr ,to form a l dovetail groove throughout the lcuglhol' the box and open at but? ends.

I 5. A metallic-boa or a tooth, consisting of a backingand two side n ails, the side walls .at one end being extensively beveled, while.

ing flarbd outwardly.

their 0 iposite ends are beveled to a much lesser i agree.

6. A metallic-box for a tooth, consisting of a backing and two side walls, said box open at both ends and having its side Walls at one end flared outwardly.

7. In combination, a tooth having a groove leading from the cervical border to a point just beneath the Inasticating surface and opening out of the posterior surface thereof, and a metallic-box for said roove, said box consisting of a backing and iaving converging side walls.

8. In combination, a tooth having a groove leading from the cervical border to a point just beneath the nasticating surface'and' opening out of the posterior surface thereof, and a. metallic-box for said groove, said box having converging sidewalls and 0 on at both ends, the side walls at the masticating end of the tooth being, extensively beveled,

and their ends at the cervical border beveled,

but to a murhlcsscr degree.

9. In combination, atoothhavinga roove leading inwardly from the cervical order and opening out of the posterior face, its wall below the 'inast-ioatin surface leading inwardly and upward] mm the ,ostcrior surface, and a metallic-box for sail groove, said box consisting of a backing and converging sidewalls, the ends of the side walls below the masticating surface being extensively beveled, and the ends of the side walls at the cervical border beveled, but to a unch lesser degree.

groove leading from the cervical border to a (point just beneath the inasticating surface out of the posterior surface a and opcniniu thereo ant a lm'-tn-lli .'--lmx for said groove,

said box consisting of at backing and having converging side walls, the ends of the side walls at the inastn-ating end of the tooth bell. In con'ibination, a tooth having a groove load ng from the cervical horde-r 110 a point nndway of said tooth and opening out of the posterior fat-o rim-mt, a metallic box for said-"move upon at bolh ends, a metallictongue fin said box adapted to be inserted into the s'amo from the corviralboi'der, and. a bin-kin; for said tooth ulaptcd to be shaped to the posterior furl old.

0 o 2-3: said, boxing, tongue and hawking-assuming ,[MSIUUIIS parallel with each other, whcljchy' witi dillrrcnt truth of the same kind.

l2. in combination, a farm}: having its labial and posterior faces convergingtoa biting edge, and provided u ilh a groovc'ox tending-into the body of tho faring from the ct-e-rvicai border and opening \ifib the torio|' .f|u'-c thereof,- the lmclt u'all of said groove lying parallclwith the posterior face;

he toolhurid be. sa cured to thctonguo in a suitable n'ia'nncr,

they may haveintcrrlmum-able connection a metallic boxing adapted to be seated in In testimony whereofl efilx my signature, said groove, a metallic ton e adapted to in presence of two witnesses. have a relation the boxing, B Y E backing for the posteriorfece of the fac'mg, 5 end conforming to the biting edge thereof to Witnesses: A

robect the same, and means for securing the CHAS. W. LA PQRTE, acking to the metellje tongue. LA RA E. OLAYPQOL. 

